Systematic Literature Review on Digital Technology in Primary School Learning (2020–2025)

Atik Prihatini; Deni Setiawan; Decky Avrilianda; Ellianawati Ellianawati

doi:10.51276/edu.v7i1.1369

Authors

Atik Prihatini Universitas Negeri Semarang
Deni Setiawan Universitas Negeri Semarang
Decky Avrilianda Universitas Negeri Semarang
Ellianawati Ellianawati Universitas Negeri Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v7i1.1369

Keywords:

Digital Learning , Educational Technology , Learning Effectiveness , Primary School

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has transformed learning practices in primary education. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of digital learning and identify key challenges in its implementation at the primary school level. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, ten empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025 were systematically selected and reviewed following the PRISMA protocol. The findings show that digital-based learning improves students' academic outcomes by an average of 24.2% and enhances learning engagement, particularly when interactive media and digital platforms are integrated into instruction. However, several challenges persist, including limited device availability, inadequate digital infrastructure, and low teacher readiness in adopting technology-supported pedagogy. These barriers particularly affect schools in underserved areas and hinder the equitable implementation of digital learning. The study concludes that digital technology has strong potential to enhance learning effectiveness but requires strategic and context-sensitive integration. The implications highlight the need for blended learning–based curricula, equitable technological access, and continuous teacher professional development to support sustainable and inclusive digital learning in primary schools.

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Author Biographies

Atik Prihatini, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Was born in Serang on September 30, 1996. She completed her bachelor’s degree in Primary Teacher Education at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia in 2018. She is currently pursuing her studies in the Primary Education program at Universitas Negeri Semarang.

Deni Setiawan, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Was born in Palembang on May 5, 1980. He is a lecturer at Universitas Negeri Semarang. He holds a Bachelor of Arts, a Master of Humanities, and a Doctoral degree in Arts Education. His academic expertise focuses on art education, particularly the development of visual arts learning media for children, with an emphasis on creative teaching approaches and the integration of cultural values in children’s art education.

Decky Avrilianda, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Was born in Banyuwangi on April 11, 1995. He is a lecturer at Universitas Negeri Semarang. He holds a Bachelor’s, Master’s, and Doctoral degree in Education. His academic expertise includes Non-Formal Education, Community Empowerment, and Basic Education. He is actively involved in research and community service focused on educational development and improving learning opportunities across diverse community groups.

Ellianawati Ellianawati, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Was born in Grobogan on November 26, 1974. She is a lecturer at Universitas Negeri Semarang. She holds a Master of Science and a Doctoral degree in Science Education. Her academic expertise includes physics learning based on local wisdom, STEM education, and multidisciplinary education. She is actively engaged in research, curriculum development, and teacher training programs that integrate cultural contexts and interdisciplinary approaches into science education.

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